Abstract: Traditional villages are not only the regional living community of rural residents' production, life and emotional identity but also the basic governance unit of urban and rural communities' public service system. With the increasing popularity of leisure tourism in traditional villages, the relationship between residents and tourists is becoming more and more complex. Due to the non-renewable nature of their cultural heritage resources, the demand for tourism public service facilities is becoming more diverse and complex. To explore the optimization path of public service facilities in traditional villages under the development trend of leisure tourism, the concept of "host-guest sharing" is introduced in this study. It proposes that public service facilities are important carriers to realize "host-guest sharing". Besides, this concept is beneficial for the high-quality supply and equal allocation of public service facilities and activates the development of cultural tourism in traditional villages. An empirical study based on Shenjing Village in Huangpu, Guangzhou was carried out by using non-participatory observation, participatory observation and in-depth interviews. 
　　1) At present, there are basic public service facilities in Shenjing Village, but there are some imbalances in configuration structure of different types of facilities. 2) The spatial distribution of different types of facilities has different characteristics. Among them, the distribution of public welfare public service facilities is relatively uniform while the distribution of commercial public service facilities is relatively concentrated near main roads, village entrances and the dock. 3) Residents and tourists present compatibility and mutual exclusion in using public service facilities. Specifically, compatibility can be divided into two modes: simultaneous mixed-use and time-sharing utilization. The mutual exclusion is mainly caused by functional particularity of the facilities, the functional transformation brought by tourism development and differences in accessibility of facilities. 
　　Based on the above research, the optimization strategies of public service facilities in traditional villages were proposed as: "demand integration, pattern inheritance, context creation, and flexible sharing". These strategies are: 1) based on the demand characteristics of residents and tourists in Shenjing Village. A comprehensive facility configuration type system was established by combining with relevant standards and guidelines. The reasonable and perfect configuration of facilities was made with considerations to future population development trend of the village. Furthermore, different types of facilities can be shared in different ways according to their sharing suitability. 2) An overall layout based on the spatial characteristics, land resource characteristics and current facilities of the village was made. The functional planning and efficient composition layout not only maintain the integrity of the village appearance, but also can improve service capability and utilization of facilities. 3) Based on the spatial and cultural characteristics of the village, it is suggested to construct the overall context theme of the village, review and organize the spatial sequences, and create diversified contexts in accordance with functional characteristics of different facilities, residents' living scenes, and tourists' experience scenes. 4) The scale of facilities should observe the principle of flexible supply, make reasonable adjustments according to needs of population, and reserve certain development space for the future to adapt to the development changes of facilities under the influence of different factors. On the spatial organization level, it shall adopt plane mixing and three-dimensional mixing of multiple facility types, as well as the compatible use modes (simultaneous using and time-sharing use) of specific facilities, aiming to promote space sharing or elastic transformation.

Key words: host-guest sharing, traditional villages, public service facilities, flexible sharing

摘要： 随着传统村落休闲旅游的热度持续提升，居民与游客的主客关系日益复杂，为探索适应人口变化特征和村落自身保护发展需求的公服设施优化发展路径，研究引入“主客共享”理念，运用文献研究、非参与式观察、参与式观察、深入访谈等方法，以广州黄埔深井村展开实证研究，发现村落公服设施配置存在一定失衡，公益性和商业性设施空间分布特征呈现差异，同时主客在设施使用上出现兼容、互斥特征。基于主客需求和村落空间、资源和文化等特征，提出“需求融合、格局传承、情境营造、弹性共享”的公服设施优化策略，以期促进传统村落的保护传承和发展，并为其他传统村落公共服务设施与村落协同发展提供借鉴思路。 

关键词: 主客共享, 传统村落, 公共服务设施, 弹性共享